[RHEL] RHEL 네트워크 설정 파일 파라미터 설명

다음 설정 파라미터들은 일반적으로 인터페이스 설정 파일에 사용된다.

BOOTPROTO

인터페이스가 IP 어드레스를 얻는 방식:

bootp

Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP).

dhcp

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP).

none

Statically configured IP address.

BROADCAST

IPv4 broadcast address.

DEFROUTE

이 인터페이스가 default route인지 여부




DEVICE

Name of the physical network interface device (or a PPP logical device).




HWADDR

Media access control (MAC) address of an Ethernet device.




IPADDR

IPv4 address of the interface.




IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL

IPv4 설정이 실패할 때 그 장치를 비활성화할 지 여부

IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL

IPv6 설정이 실패할 때 그 장치를 비활성화할 지 여부




IPV6ADDR

IPv6 address of the interface in CIDR notation. For example: IPV6ADDR="2001:db8:1e11:115b::1/32"




IPV6INIT

인터페이스의 IPv6를 활성화할 지 여부




MASTER

Specifies the name of the master bonded interface, of which this interface is slave.




NAME

Name of the interface as displayed in the Network Connections GUI.




NETMASK

IPv4 network mask of the interface.




NETWORK

IPV4 address of the network.




NM_CONTROLLED

네트워크 인터페이스 장치가 NetworkManager, 네트워크 관리 데몬인 NetworkManager로 부터 컨트롤 될지의 여부

ONBOOT

Whether the interface is activated at boot time.




PEERDNS

DNS resolution에 사용되는 /etc/resolv.conf 파일이 DHCP 서버로 부터 정보를 얻는 것을 허용할 지 여부




PEERROUTES

이 인터페이스에 대한 default gateway를 정의하는 라우팅테이블 정보를 DHCP 서버로 부터 얻을지 여부




SLAVE

Specifies that this interface is a component of a bonded interface.




TYPE

인터페이스 타입.




USERCTL

root가 아닌 사용자가 인터페이스의 상태를 컨트롤 할 수 있는 지 여부




UUID

네트워크 인터페이스에 대한 유니크한 ID 값

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⁠11.2. Interface Configuration Files

Interface configuration files control the software interfaces for individual network devices. As the system boots, it uses these files to determine what interfaces to bring up and how to configure them. These files are usually named ifcfg-name, where name refers to the name of the device that the configuration file controls.

⁠11.2.1. Ethernet Interfaces

One of the most common interface files is /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0, which controls the first Ethernet network interface card or NIC in the system. In a system with multiple NICs, there are multiple ifcfg-ethX files (where X is a unique number corresponding to a specific interface). Because each device has its own configuration file, an administrator can control how each interface functions individually.

The following is a sample ifcfg-eth0 file for a system using a fixed IP address:

DEVICE=eth0
BOOTPROTO=none
ONBOOT=yes
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
IPADDR=10.0.1.27
USERCTL=no

The values required in an interface configuration file can change based on other values. For example, the ifcfg-eth0 file for an interface using DHCP looks different because IP information is provided by the DHCP server:

DEVICE=eth0
BOOTPROTO=dhcp
ONBOOT=yes

NetworkManager is graphical configuration tool which provides an easy way to make changes to the various network interface configuration files (see Chapter 10, NetworkManager for detailed instructions on using this tool).

However, it is also possible to manually edit the configuration files for a given network interface.

Below is a listing of the configurable parameters in an Ethernet interface configuration file:

BONDING_OPTS=parameters

sets the configuration parameters for the bonding device, and is used in /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-bondN (see Section 11.2.4, “Channel Bonding Interfaces”). These parameters are identical to those used for bonding devices in /sys/class/net/bonding_device/bonding, and the module parameters for the bonding driver as described in bonding Module Directives.

This configuration method is used so that multiple bonding devices can have different configurations. In Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6, place all interface-specific bonding options after the BONDING_OPTS directive in ifcfg-name files. See Where to specify bonding module parameters for more information.

BOOTPROTO=protocol

• none — No boot-time protocol should be used.
• bootp — The BOOTP protocol should be used.
• dhcp — The DHCP protocol should be used.

BROADCAST=address

where address is the broadcast address. This directive is deprecated, as the value is calculated automatically with ipcalc.

DEVICE=name

where name is the name of the physical device (except for dynamically-allocated PPP devices where it is the logical name).

DHCP_HOSTNAME=name

name 은 DHCP 서버로 보내지는 짧은 호스트네임. IP주소를 받기 전에 DHCP서버가 클라이언트가 호스트네임을 요구하는 경우에 사용.

DHCPV6C=answer

• yes — 이 인터페이스에 대한 IPv6 주소를 얻기 위해 DHCP를 사용한다.
• no — 이 인터페이스에 대한 IPv6 주소를 얻기 위해 DHCP를 사용하지 않는다. 기본 값

IPv6 link-local 주소는 기본적으로 할당될 것이다. link-local 주소는 인터페이스의 MAC address에 기반한다

DHCPV6C_OPTIONS=answer

• -P — Enable IPv6 prefix delegation.
• -S — Use DHCP to obtain stateless configuration only, not addresses, for this interface.
• -N — Restore normal operation after using the -T or -P options.
• -T — Use DHCP to obtain a temporary IPv6 address for this interface.
• -D — Override the default when selecting the type of DHCP Unique Identifier (DUID) to use.
  By default, the DHCP client (dhclient) creates a DHCP Unique Identifier (DUID) based on the link-layer address (DUID-LL) if it is running in stateless mode (with the -S option, to not request an address), or it creates an identifier based on the link-layer address plus a timestamp (DUID-LLT) if it is running in stateful mode (without -S, requesting an address). The -D option overrides this default, with a value of either LL or LLT.

DNS{1,2}=address

PEERDNS 지시자가 no로 설정되지 않는다면, address 는 /etc/resolv.conf에 적힌 네임 서버 주소이다.

ETHTOOL_OPTS=options

where options are any device-specific options supported by ethtool. For example, if you wanted to force 100Mb, full duplex:

ETHTOOL_OPTS="autoneg off speed 100 duplex full"

Instead of a custom initscript, use ETHTOOL_OPTS to set the interface speed and duplex settings. Custom initscripts run outside of the network init script lead to unpredictable results during a post-boot network service restart.

Set “autoneg off” before changing speed or duplex settings

Changing speed or duplex settings almost always requires disabling auto-negotiation with the autoneg off option. This option needs to be stated first, as the option entries are order-dependent.

See Section 11.8, “Ethtool” for more ethtool options.

HOTPLUG=answer

• yes — 이 장치가 hot-plugged 될 때, activate되어야 한다. (기본 값)
• no — 이 장치가 hot-plugged 될 때, activate되지 않는다.

The HOTPLUG=no option can be used to prevent a channel bonding interface from being activated when a bonding kernel module is loaded.

See Section 11.2.4, “Channel Bonding Interfaces” for more information about channel bonding interfaces.

HWADDR=MAC-address

where MAC-address is the hardware address of the Ethernet device in the form AA:BB:CC:DD:EE:FF. This directive must be used in machines containing more than one NIC to ensure that the interfaces are assigned the correct device names regardless of the configured load order for each NIC's module. This directive should not be used in conjunction with MACADDR.

Note

• Persistent device names are now handled by /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules.
• HWADDR must not be used with System z network devices.
• See Section 25.3.3, "Mapping subchannels and network device names", in the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 Installation Guide.

IPADDRn=address

address 는 IPv4 주소이며, n 은 0부터 시작하는 연속적인 양의 정수이어야 한다. (예를 들면, IPADDR0). 인터페이스에 여러개의 IP 주소를 설정하는 데 사용된다. 하나의 주소만 설정되는 경우에는 삭제될 수 있다.

IPV6ADDR=address

where address is the first static, or primary, IPv6 address on an interface.

The format is Address/Prefix-length. If no prefix length is specified, /64 is assumed. Note that this setting depends on IPV6INIT being enabled.

IPV6ADDR_SECONDARIES=address

where address is one or more, space separated, additional IPv6 addresses.

The format is Address/Prefix-length. If no prefix length is specified, /64 is assumed. Note that this setting depends on IPV6INIT being enabled.

IPV6INIT=answer

• yes — IPv6 addressing하도록 이 인터페이스를 초기화한다.
• no — IPv6 addressing 하도록 이 인터페이스를 초기화하지 않는다. 기본 값
  이 설정은 IPv6 static과 IPv6 addresses의 DHCP 할당을 위해 필요하다. IPv6 Stateless Address Autoconfiguration (SLAAC)에 영향을 주지 않는다.
  See Section D.1.13, “/etc/sysconfig/network” for information on disabling IPv6.

IPV6_AUTOCONF=answer

• yes — 이 인터페이스에 대해 IPv6 autoconf 설정을 enable 한다.
• no — 이 인터페이스에 대해 IPv6 autoconf 설정을 disable 한다.

enable되면, IPv6 어드레스는 radvd 데몬을 구동하는 라우터로 부터 ND(Neighbor Discovery)를 사용하여 요청된다..

IPV6_AUTOCONF의 기본 값은 다음과 같이 IPV6FORWARDING에 따라 달라진다는 것을 주의해라:

• If IPV6FORWARDING=yes, then IPV6_AUTOCONF will default to no.
• If IPV6FORWARDING=no, then IPV6_AUTOCONF will default to yes and IPV6_ROUTER has no effect.

IPV6_MTU=value

where value is an optional dedicated MTU for this interface.

IPV6_PRIVACY=rfc3041

where rfc3041 optionally sets this interface to support RFC 3041 Privacy Extensions for Stateless Address Autoconfiguration in IPv6. Note that this setting depends on IPV6INIT option being enabled.

The default is for RFC 3041 support to be disabled. Stateless Autoconfiguration will derive addresses based on the MAC address, when available, using the modified EUI-64 method. The address is appended to a prefix but as the address is normally derived from the MAC address it is globally unique even when the prefix changes. In the case of a link-local address the prefix is fe80::/64 as per RFC 2462 IPv6 Stateless Address Autoconfiguration.

LINKDELAY=time

장치를 설정하기 전에 링크 negotiation에 대기하는 시간(초). 기본 값은 5초이다. 링크 negotiation에서의 지연, 예를 들어  STP에 의해 발생하는 지연은 이 값을 증가시켜 해결할 수 있다.

MACADDR=MAC-address

where MAC-address is the hardware address of the Ethernet device in the form AA:BB:CC:DD:EE:FF.

This directive is used to assign a MAC address to an interface, overriding the one assigned to the physical NIC. This directive should not be used in conjunction with the HWADDR directive.

MASTER=bond-interface

where bond-interface is the channel bonding interface to which the Ethernet interface is linked.

This directive is used in conjunction with the SLAVE directive.

See Section 11.2.4, “Channel Bonding Interfaces” for more information about channel bonding interfaces.

NETMASKn=mask

where mask is the netmask value and the n is expected to be consecutive positive integers starting from 0 (for example, NETMASK0). It is used for configurations with multiple IP addresses on an interface. It can be omitted if there is only one address being configured.

NETWORK=address

where address is the network address. This directive is deprecated, as the value is calculated automatically with ipcalc.

NM_CONTROLLED=answer

• yes — 이 장치를 설정하도록 NetworkManager를 허용. 이 것은 기본 동작이며, 생략 가능.
• no — 이 장치를 설정하도록 NetworkManager를 허용하지 않음.
  
  

Note

The NM_CONTROLLED directive is now, as of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.3, dependent on the NM_BOND_VLAN_ENABLED directive in /etc/sysconfig/network. If and only if that directive is present and is one of yes, y, or true, will NetworkManager detect and manage bonding and VLAN interfaces.

ONBOOT=answer

• yes — This device should be activated at boot-time.
• no — This device should not be activated at boot-time.

PEERDNS=answer

• yes — 만일 DNS 지시자가 설정되고, DHCP를 사용하면 /etc/resolv.conf를 수정한다. 모든 경우에 yes가 기본 값
• no — /etc/resolv.conf를 수정하지 않는다.

SLAVE=answer

• yes — This device is controlled by the channel bonding interface specified in the MASTER directive.
• no — This device is not controlled by the channel bonding interface specified in the MASTER directive.

This directive is used in conjunction with the MASTER directive.

See Section 11.2.4, “Channel Bonding Interfaces” for more about channel bonding interfaces.

SRCADDR=address

where address is the specified source IP address for outgoing packets.

USERCTL=answer

• yes — Non-root users are allowed to control this device.
• no — Non-root users are not allowed to control this device.